Risks from self-referential peer review echo chambers developing in research fields: 2018 Keynote Address presented at The British Accounting Review 50th Anniversary Celebrations,British Accounting and Finance Association Annual Conference,London

Denigration of academic experts and expertise, amid a resurgence of political populism, poses a challenge to the legitimacy of academic research. Addressing this challenge requires us to continually demonstrate the importance of basing policy interventions on reliable evidence, rather than unevidenced assertions that gain traction through communication echo chambers. However, unconscious confirmation biases in collection and analysis of evidence can impair the reliability of our research insights. A key source of such confirmation biases are unchallenged ideologies and other taken-for-granted assumptions underlying any research (sub)field. This essay argues that informal and formal peer review processes at many stages of research need to highlight and challenge both conscious selectivity bias and unconscious confirmation bias. However, they are unlikely to do so where researchers only take on board feedback from peers in the same (sub)field who share ideological commitments and taken-for-granted assumptions. In such circumstances, self-referential peer review echo chambers can develop that entrench rather than challenge weaknesses in a research (sub)field. This can be a major risk to the effectiveness and reputation of any academic research (sub)field; a risk we need to confront.     

PUBLIC CHOICE THEORY AND HOUSE OF LORDS REFORM

By revealing the propensity of elected governments to indulge in self‐interest at the expense of the people's liberty, public choice theory provides powerful arguments in favour of an appointed House of Lords rather than an elected upper chamber.     

温度试验箱内部环境条件能不确定度要素分析

简要地讨论了对温度试验箱内部环境条件进行不确定度评定的要素特征。通过对要素的分析,给出了归集处理的原则。结合校准空载试验箱和带有负载试验箱环境条件测量的案例,逐条整理成为范本,用于分析结果以给出符合规范的不确定度评估。     

自适应数字回波抵消

本文阐述了解决通信系统中回波问题而提出的一种较完善的数据驱动自适应回波抵消器的结构及性能。分析了相位抖动、频率漂移及偏值等问题对抵消器性能的影响。     

构建地方行业商会绩效评价体系--以哈尔滨市为例

地方行业商会是非公经济的重要组成部分。目前,地方行业商会功能发挥不足,治理效率低下,社会组织的评价体系缺乏对商会组织的针对性。通过构建凸显地方特色的行业商会绩效评价体系,可以强化商会职能,引导并治理行业商会的健康发展。以哈尔滨行业商会作为研究对象来构建商会绩效评价体系,将职能绩效、能力绩效、财务绩效和服务满意度四个指标作为基础指标,强化会员服务、维权和服务社会等指标,以利于改进商会治理,推进评价的研究。     

商会的性质、机制与我国商会的转型

我国商会的功能、作用与发达国家相比差距甚远,需要通过商会转型加以根本改善.一方面需要在公法的基础上,建设发展法国式的、地区性综合商会,并通过商会联盟联合会的方式建立起覆盖全社会的商会网络系统,加强商会与政府在法律规范基础上的合作关系,以改善商业政策和行业管理.另一方面,应该在结社自由等私法基础上,弱化或消除商会(行业性协会)建立和运作上的行政管制因素,使民间商业组织得以充分涌现、发展;使官办协会的运作机制产生根本性的改变,通过商会外部竞争机制和内部激励机制的完善来促进商会各项功效的提高.     

转型期中国产业中间组织的制度变迁

清末民初和改革开放均属于经济转型期,前者为自然经济向商品经济过渡,后者为计划经济向市场经济转轨,本文比较了这两个转型时期的产业中间组织的制度变迁。在前一时期,传统行会通过变革趋新,逐渐与新型商会和同业公会融为一体;在后一时期,体制内的官办协会与体制外的民间商会也出现了合流的趋势。本文还通过对地区产业中间组织最新截面数据的检验,发现行业组织的发展与工业化水平正相关,与政府对经济生活的干预负相关,这些经验证据加深了我们对中国行业组织制度变迁规律的认识。     

Business associations and their potential contribution to the competitiveness of SMEs

This paper examines the relations between small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and business associations. It identifies sectoral, local and national dimensions and reports survey results in Britain that evidence the range of services supplied and demanded. The paper reviews the theoretical understanding of how associations operate and how they can be expected to relate to their SME members. Using this framework the paper then assesses, largely using new survey evidence, the types of associations most relevant to SMEs, their characteristics, and their services. The paper concludes by arguing that SMEs are one of the least well represented groups of business, their interests are often likely to be swamped in association governance either by large businesses or by employee–status individuals. In general there are also limits to development of services through business associations, although there is strong variation between businesses by sector, location and size. The author concludes that contributions by associations through specific services to individual companies appears to be relatively limited. The chief contribution of associations to competitiveness of their member businesses appears to be their improvement of collective industry standards, e.g. through codes of conduct, information, collective events, benchmarking and management seminars.     

伪码调相PD引信目标模拟器的设计与实现

描述了一种伪码调相PD引信目标模拟器的设计及其系统实现,并且介绍了引信目标和杂波的建模与仿真方法。整个系统采用软硬结合的方法,在硬件平台上,通过软件设置来满足各种引信目标和杂波的模拟。     

构建地方行业商会绩效评价体系——以哈尔滨市为例

地方行业商会是非公经济的重要组成部分。目前,地方行业商会功能发挥不足,治理效率低下,社会组织的评价体系缺乏对商会组织的针对性。通过构建凸显地方特色的行业商会绩效评价体系．可以强化商会职能,引导并治理行业商会的健康发展。以哈尔滨行业商会作为研究对象来构建商会绩效评价体系,将职能绩效、能力绩效、财务绩效和服务满意度四个指标作为基础指标,强化会员服务、维权和服务社会等指标,以利于改进商会治理,推进评价的研究。